U.S. cites need to care for injection users

Substance abuse treatment is the most effective preventative of HIV for injection drug users (IDUs), according to the Centers for Disease Control.

Offenders with a history of injecting drugs should be given the highest priority for drug treatment programs in correctional facilities.

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Several studies have examined the effect of substance abuse treatment, particularly methadone maintenance treatment, on HIV risk behaviors among IDUs. These include controlled and noncontrolled cohort studies, case-control studies and observational studies with controls and collectively they provide evidence that methadone maintenance treatment reduces risky injection and sexual behaviors and HIV seroconversion.

Thus, early entry into substance abuse treatment programs, maintenance of treatment, and sustained abstinence from injecting are crucial for reducing the risk for HIV transmission from infected IDUs.