This article is a much reduced synopsis of the review which will appear in this year's edition of Mining Annual Review
In 1992, the countries of the former U.S.S.R. all suffered serious economic declines with the disruption of economic ties resulting from the break-up of the Soviet Union and its unified central planning system. All of the countries were in a period of difficult economic transition as they sought to develop new economic relations within their own countries, with the neighbouring countries of the former Soviet Union, and with the rest of the world.