Federal court rules on drug testing.(U.S. District Court for Southern New York rules on New York...

On July 23, the U.S. District Court for Southern New York ruled that a train operator exercised his free will when he signed a New York City Transit Authority (NYCTA) stipulation agreeing to a demotion in order to maintain his job. The operator signed the stipulation to avoid termination after failing to provide a urine sample or medical explanation.

With union support, the operator filed a grievance, which failed. In lieu of pursuing arbitration, he chose to sign a stipulation drafted by the transit authority, which secured his employment but demoted him to a non-safe