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Martyrs for a just cause: The eulogies of Cesar Chavez

By Hammerback, John C
Publication: Western Journal of Communication
Date: Wednesday, October 1 2003
HEADNOTE

During his years as president of the United Farm Workers (UFW), Cesar Chavez delivered five eulogies for individuals who were killed while engaged in union activities. This paper argues that these "Accidental Martyrs" were rhetorically

created by Chavez to serve as symbols for the union's cause. The eulogies helped Chavez to build a union community and to move the UFW's members to accept particular beliefs and to undertake specific acts. He also used the martyrs as models in his later speeches.

ON JANUARY 25, 1972, Nan Freeman, an eighteen-year-old Jewish college student from Massachusetts, was walking a picket line at the entrance to the Talisman Sugar Plant about twenty miles north of Belle Glade, Florida, during a United Farm Workers (UFW) strike. Freeman was a "bright, inquisitive student" whose interests "were focused on the needs of her fellow human beings" ("The Martyrs"). She was a National Merit Scholar who had won an award from the Massachusetts AFL-CIO for her knowledge of labor history. In college she continued to study the struggles of working class people and became interested in the farm worker movement in Florida ("The Martyrs"). Freeman and other students had "been doing volunteer work for the UFW at [her] college in Sarasota as part of the REAL program, a research program into Florida agriculture" ("Nan Freeman"). She had volunteered to help the UFW in its picketing, and along with another student, she was helping pass out materials to workers and truck drivers who entered the plant. Their job was to talk with the drivers and encourage them to join the strike ("Nan Freeman").

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