Ergonomics

the science of designing machines and working environments to suit human needs (from the Greek words meaning "the study of work"). An ergonomically designed machine is one whose design is based on the scientific study of human requirements such as vision,posture, and health risks. After all, the most important part of a computer system is the human being who is operating the computer.

Ergonomics goes beyond considering your comfort. Smart workers knowthat they need towork efficiently.When youwork efficiently, you can get more done. Here are some things you can do:

• Desk. Your computer desk should be deep enough to comfortably accommodate all of your equipment. If the system unit keeps threatening to dump the keyboard in your lap, you may not have enough room. Consider putting the system unit on the floor or to the side of the monitor.
  Check the height of your desk. Is it too tall for you to type comfortably? You may want to attach a keyboard drawer. This lowers the keyboard to a more comfortable level and gives you a storage place for the keyboard.
• Chair. Your chair is most vital to the health and well-being of your back. You should choose a chair that has adjustments for height and good lumbar support. Try to find a chair that lets you adjust the tilt of the seat because it helps to periodically change the seat tilt during a long work session.
• Monitor. The monitor is one of the big-ticket items when you purchase your computer system. Ergonomically speaking, you do not want to skimp here. LCD (liquid crystal display) monitors are superior to CRT (cathode ray tube) monitors because they do not flicker. If you are still using an older CRT monitor, set the refresh rate to at least 70 Hz; it may save you a headache. Make sure you are comfortable with the height and tilt of the screen.You may need a special pair of glasses for working at the computer. (See eyeglasses, computer).
• Mouse and keyboard. The big risk is carpal tunnel syndrome, a condition that creates numbness or a buzzing feeling in your hands. Prevention is the key.You should keep your wrists straight when typing; don't allow them to bend. Some people enjoy a cushioned wrist rest for their keyboard. If using the mouse gives you any discomfort, try using another pointing device such as a trackball.
• Lighting. To prevent glare on the screen, do not place your computer opposite a window. Overhead lighting should be soft (not as bright as it would be for reading).
• Posture. Good posture is important. Try to imagine that an invisible string is pulling your head up and back in line with your spine. Be relaxed rather than stiff. Sit with your feet in front of you; if they don't reach the floor, your chair is too high or you need a footrest. Take frequent stretching breaks.